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Location and Setting
- Mount Gilboa is a crescent-shaped string of hills that circles from the Jordan River
Valley south of Beth-shan around to the Harod Valley to Jezreel.
- The range is approximately eight miles in width and three to five miles in breadth, with
its highest point measuring almost 1700 feet above sea level. It should be noted, however,
that the Harod Valley does not reach sea level until it is about half way along Mount
Gilboa, coming from the east.
- From the crest of Mount Gilboa, one can see Mount Carmel to the northwest, Mount Tabor
and the Hill of Moreh to the north, and the mountains of Gilead across the Jordan River to
the east. The range forms a natural boundary between Samaria and Galilee.
- Mount Gilboa affords a commanding view of the routes of the International Coastal
Highway that pass through the Plain of Jezreel. One route leads to the northern end of the
Sea of Galilee and the other through the Harod Valley to Beth-shan.
Historical and Biblical Significance
- During the period of the Judges, the Midianites invaded the Valley of Harod from the
east and camped between the Hill of Moreh and Mount Gilboa.
- In preparation for their night attack on the Midianites, Gideon divided his remaining
three hundred men into three groups. It is likely that he deployed one contingent on the
Hill of Moreh, another on Mount Gilboa, and one between them at the western end of the
valley. When the signal was given, this strategy would have produced a semicircle of
lights and sounds that would drive the Midianites to panic and flee down the valley to the
Jordan (Judg 7:1-23).
Bibliography
- Grogan, G.W. "Gilboa" The New Bible Dictionary. 2nd ed. Ed.
J.D. Douglas. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1982.
- Swaim, G.G. "Gilboa, Mount of" The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the
Bible. Ed. Merrill C. Tenney. 5 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1976.
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